2/8/19

today's notes:
  • earliest government was formed by temple priests
  • priests acted as "go-betweens" with the gods
  • priests managed the irrigation systems and demanded a portion of the farmers's crops as a tax
  • military leaders that became rulers passed their reign through their sons, and so forth, which is called a dynasty
  • cultural diffusion
  • polytheism
  • built ziggurats for sacrifices of animals, wine, and food
  • women could work as priests, farmers. merchants, and artisans
  • upper class women could read and write
  • women could purchase property in their name
  • arithmetic and geometry: created a number system, 60 second= 1 minute, and 360 degrees in a circle
  • architectural innovations: ramps, columns, arches, and pyramid shapes
  • cuneiform: writing system
  • sargon of Akkad defeated the city states, his conquest helped spread the culture passed the tigris and Euphrates (2350 BC)
  • in 2000 BC, Amorites invaded Mesopotamia and it became the Babylonian empire, the most notable leader being Hammurabi from 1792 BC- 1750 BC
  • Hammurabi created a uniform code of laws and had it engraved in stone and placed all over the empire
  • laws sought to protect women and children
  • set different punishments depending on gender and social class

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